1 Samuel 8

1 Ora, havendo Samuel envelhecido, constituiu a seus filhos por juízes sobre Israel.

2 O seu filho primogênito chamava-se Joel, e o segundo Abias; e julgavam em Berseba.

3 Seus filhos, porém, não andaram nos caminhos dele, mas desviaram-se após o lucro e, recebendo peitas, perverteram a justiça.

4 Então todos os anciãos de Israel se congregaram, e vieram ter com Samuel, a Ramá,

5 e lhe disseram: Eis que já estás velho, e teus filhos não andam nos teus caminhos. Constitui-nos, pois, agora um rei para nos julgar, como o têm todas as nações.

6 Mas pareceu mal aos olhos de Samuel, quando disseram: Dá-nos um rei para nos julgar. Então Samuel orou ao Senhor.

7 Disse o Senhor a Samuel: Ouve a voz do povo em tudo quanto te dizem, pois não é a ti que têm rejeitado, porém a mim, para que eu não reine sobre eles.

8 Conforme todas as obras que fizeram desde o dia em que os tirei do Egito até o dia de hoje, deixando-me a mim e servindo a outros deuses, assim também fazem a ti.

9 Agora, pois, ouve a sua voz, contudo lhes protestarás solenemente, e lhes declararás qual será o modo de agir do rei que houver de reinar sobre eles.

10 Referiu, pois, Samuel todas as palavras do Senhor ao povo, que lhe havia pedido um rei,

11 e disse: Este será o modo de agir do rei que houver de reinar sobre vós: tomará os vossos filhos, e os porá sobre os seus carros, e para serem seus cavaleiros, e para correrem adiante dos seus carros;

12 e os porá por chefes de mil e chefes de cinqüenta, para lavrarem os seus campos, fazerem as suas colheitas e fabricarem as suas armas de guerra e os petrechos de seus carros.

13 Tomará as vossas filhas para perfumistas, cozinheiras e padeiras.

14 Tomará o melhor das vossas terras, das vossas vinhas e dos vossos elivais, e o dará aos seus servos.

15 Tomará e dízimo das vossas sementes e das vossas vinhas, para dar aos seus oficiais e aos seus servos.

16 Também os vossos servos e as vossas servas, e os vossos melhores mancebos, e os vossos jumentos tomará, e os empregará no seu trabalho.

17 Tomará o dízimo do vosso rebanho; e vós lhe servireis de escravos.

18 Então naquele dia clamareis por causa de vosso rei, que vós mesmos houverdes escolhido; mas o Senhor não vos ouvira.

19 O povo, porém, não quis ouvir a voz de Samuel; e disseram: Não, mas haverá sobre nós um rei,

20 para que nós também sejamos como todas as outras nações, e para que o nosso rei nos julgue, e saia adiante de nós, e peleje as nossas batalhas.

21 Ouviu, pois, Samuel todas as palavras do povo, e as repetiu aos ouvidos do Senhor.

22 Disse o Senhor a Samuel: Dá ouvidos � sua voz, e constitui-lhes rei. Então Samuel disse aos homens de Israel: Volte cada um para a sua cidade.

1 Samuel 8 Commentary

Chapter 8

The evil government of Samuel's sons. (1-3) The Israelites ask for a king. (4-9) The manner of a king. (10-22)

Verses 1-3 It does not appear that Samuel's sons were so profane and vicious as Eli's sons; but they were corrupt judges, they turned aside after lucre. Samuel took no bribes, but his sons did, and then they perverted judgment. What added to the grievance of the people was, that they were threatened by an invasion from Nahash, king of the Ammonites.

Verses 4-9 Samuel was displeased; he could patiently bear what reflected on himself, and his own family; but it displeased him when they said, Give us a king to judge us, because that reflected upon God. It drove him to his knees. When any thing disturbs us, it is our interest, as well as our duty, to show our trouble before God. Samuel is to tell them that they shall have a king. Not that God was pleased with their request, but as sometimes he opposes us from loving-kindness, so at other times he gratifies us in wrath; he did so here. God knows how to bring glory to himself, and serves his own wise purposes, even by men's foolish counsels.

Verses 10-22 If they would have a king to rule them, as the eastern kings ruled their subjects, they would find the yoke exceedingly heavy. Those that submit to the government of the world and the flesh, are told plainly, what hard masters they are, and what tyranny the dominion of sin is. The law of God and the manner of men widely differ from each other; the former should be our rule in the several relations of life; the latter should be the measure of our expectations from others. These would be their grievances, and, when they complained to God, he would not hear them. When we bring ourselves into distress by our own wrong desires and projects, we justly forfeit the comfort of prayer, and the benefit of Divine aid. The people were obstinate and urgent in their demand. Sudden resolves and hasty desires make work for long and leisurely repentance. Our wisdom is, to be thankful for the advantages, and patient under the disadvantages of the government we may live under; and to pray continually for our rulers, that they may govern us in the fear of God, and that we may live under them in all godliness and honesty. And it is a hopeful symptom when our desires of worldly objects can brook delay; and when we can refer the time and manner of their being granted to God's providence.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 8

This chapter relates, how that Samuel being old, and his sons behaving ill, the people desired to have a king set over them, 1Sa 8:1-5, which case Samuel laid before the Lord, and he was directed by him to yield to the people's desire, but at the same time to set before them all the disadvantages and ill consequences that would arise from thence, which he did, 1Sa 8:6-18, but they insisting upon it, nevertheless, he gave them reason to expect that their request would be granted, 1Sa 8:19-22.