Números 22

1 Depois os filhos de Israel partiram, e acamparam-se nas planícies de Moabe, além do Jordão, na altura de Jericó.

2 Ora, Balaque, filho de Zipor, viu tudo o que Israel fizera aos amorreus.

3 E Moabe tinha grande medo do povo, porque era muito; e Moabe andava angustiado por causa dos filhos de Israel.

4 Por isso disse aos anciãos de Midiã: Agora esta multidão lamberá tudo quanto houver ao redor de nós, como o boi lambe a erva do campo. Nesse tempo Balaque, filho de Zipor, era rei de Moabe.

5 Ele enviou mensageiros a Balaão, filho de Beor, a Petor, que está junto ao rio, � terra dos filhos do seu povo, a fim de chamá-lo, dizendo: Eis que saiu do Egito um povo, que cobre a face da terra e estaciona defronte de mim.

6 Vem pois agora, rogo-te, amaldiçoar-me este povo, pois mais poderoso é do que eu; porventura prevalecerei, de modo que o possa ferir e expulsar da terra; porque eu sei que será abençoado aquele a quem tu abençoares, e amaldiçoado aquele a quem tu amaldiçoares.

7 Foram-se, pois, os anciãos de Moabe e os anciãos de Midiã, com o preço dos encantamentos nas mãos e, chegando a Balaão, referiram-lhe as palavras de Balaque.

8 Ele lhes respondeu: Passai aqui esta noite, e vos trarei a resposta, como o Senhor me falar. Então os príncipes de Moabe ficaram com Balaão.

9 Então veio Deus a Balaão, e perguntou: Quem são estes homens que estão contigo?

10 Respondeu Balaão a Deus: Balaque, filho de Zipor, rei de Moabe, mos enviou, dizendo:

11 Eis que o povo que saiu do Egito cobre a face da terra; vem agora amaldiçoar-mo; porventura poderei pelejar contra ele e expulsá-lo.

12 E Deus disse a Balaão: Não irás com eles; não amaldiçoarás a este povo, porquanto é bendito.

13 Levantando-se Balaão pela manhã, disse aos príncipes de Balaque: Ide para a vossa terra, porque o Senhor recusa deixar-me ir convosco.

14 Levantaram-se, pois, os príncipes de Moabe, vieram a Balaque e disseram: Balaão recusou vir conosco.

15 Balaque, porém, tornou a enviar príncipes, em maior número e mais honrados do que aqueles.

16 Estes vieram a Balaão e lhe disseram: Assim diz Balaque, filho de Zipor: Rogo-te que não te demores em vir a mim,

17 porque grandemente te honrarei, e farei tudo o que me disseres; vem pois, rogo-te, amaldiçoar-me este povo.

18 Respondeu Balaão aos servos de Balaque: Ainda que Balaque me quisesse dar a sua casa cheia de prata e de ouro, eu não poderia ir além da ordem do Senhor meu Deus, para fazer coisa alguma, nem pequena nem grande.

19 Agora, pois, rogo-vos que fiqueis aqui ainda esta noite, para que eu saiba o que o Senhor me dirá mais.

20 Veio, pois, Deus a Balaão, de noite, e disse-lhe: Já que esses homens te vieram chamar, levanta-te, vai com eles; todavia, farás somente aquilo que eu te disser.

21 Então levantou-se Balaão pela manhã, albardou a sua jumenta, e partiu com os príncipes de Moabe.

22 A ira de Deus se acendeu, porque ele ia, e o anjo do Senhor pôs-se-lhe no caminho por adversário. Ora, ele ia montado na sua jumenta, tendo consigo os seus dois servos.

23 A jumenta viu o anjo do Senhor parado no caminho, com a sua espada desembainhada na mão e, desviando-se do caminho, meteu-se pelo campo; pelo que Balaão espancou a jumenta para fazê-la tornar ao caminho.

24 Mas o anjo do Senhor pôs-se numa vereda entre as vinhas, havendo uma sebe de um e de outro lado.

25 Vendo, pois, a jumenta o anjo do Senhor, coseu-se com a sebe, e apertou contra a sebe o pé de Balaão; pelo que ele tornou a espancá-la.

26 Então o anjo do Senhor passou mais adiante, e pôs-se num lugar estreito, onde não havia caminho para se desviar nem para a direita nem para a esquerda.

27 E, vendo a jumenta o anjo do Senhor, deitou-se debaixo de Balaão; e a ira de Balaão se acendeu, e ele espancou a jumenta com o bordão.

28 Nisso abriu o Senhor a boca da jumenta, a qual perguntou a Balaão: Que te fiz eu, para que me espancasses estas três vezes?

29 Respondeu Balaão � jumenta: Porque zombaste de mim; oxalá tivesse eu uma espada na mão, pois agora te mataria.

30 Tornou a jumenta a Balaão: Porventura não sou a tua jumenta, em que cavalgaste toda a tua vida até hoje? Porventura tem sido o meu costume fazer assim para contigo? E ele respondeu: Não.

31 Então o Senhor abriu os olhos a Balaão, e ele viu o anjo do Senhor parado no caminho, e a sua espada desembainhada na mão; pelo que inclinou a cabeça, e prostrou-se com o rosto em terra.

32 Disse-lhe o anjo do senhor: Por que já três vezes espancaste a tua jumenta? Eis que eu te saí como adversário, porquanto o teu caminho é perverso diante de mim;

33 a jumenta, porém, me viu, e já três vezes se desviou de diante de mim; se ela não se tivesse desviado de mim, na verdade que eu te haveria matado, deixando a ela com vida.

34 Respondeu Balaão ao anjo do Senhor: pequei, porque não sabia que estavas parado no caminho para te opores a mim; e agora, se parece mal aos teus olhos, voltarei.

35 Tornou o anjo do Senhor a Balaão: Vai com os mem, ou uma somente a palavra que eu te disser é que falarás. Assim Balaão seguiu com os príncipes de Balaque:

36 Tendo, pois, Balaque ouvido que Balaão vinha chegando, saiu-lhe ao encontro até Ir-Moabe, cidade fronteira que está � margem do Arnom.

37 Perguntou Balaque a Balaão: Porventura não te enviei diligentemente mensageiros a chamar-te? por que não vieste a mim? não posso eu, na verdade, honrar-te?

38 Respondeu Balaão a Balaque: Eis que sou vindo a ti; porventura poderei eu agora, de mim mesmo, falar alguma coisa? A palavra que Deus puser na minha boca, essa falarei.

39 E Balaão foi com Balaque, e chegaram a Quiriate-Huzote.

40 Então Balaque ofereceu em sacrifício bois e ovelhas, e deles enviou a Balaão e aos príncipes que estavam com ele.

41 E sucedeu que, pela manhã, Balaque tomou a Balaão, e o levou aos altos de Baal, e viu ele dali a parte extrema do povo.

Números 22 Commentary

Chapter 22

Balak's fear of Israel, He sends for Balaam. (1-14) Balaam goes to Balak. (15-21) The opposition to Balaam by the way. (22-35) Balaam and Balak meet. (36-41)

Verses 1-14 The king of Moab formed a plan to get the people of Israel cursed; that is, to set God against them, who had hitherto fought for them. He had a false notion, that if he could get some prophet to pray for evil upon them, and to pronounce a blessing upon himself and his forces, that then he should be able to deal with them. None had so great a reputation as Balaam; and Balak will employ him, though he send a great way for him. It is not known whether the Lord had ever spoken to Balaam, or by him, before this; though it is probable he had, and it is certain he did afterwards. Yet we have abundant proof that he lived and died a wicked man, an enemy to God and his people. And the curse shall not come upon us if there is not a cause, even though men utter it. To prevail with Balaam, they took the wages of unrighteousness, but God laid restraint upon Balaam, forbidding him to curse Israel. Balaam was no stranger to Israel's cause; so that he ought to have answered the messengers at once, that he would never curse a people whom God had blessed; but he takes a night's time to consider what he should do. When we parley with temptations, we are in great danger of being overcome. Balaam was not faithful in returning God's answer to the messengers. Those are a fair mark for Satan's temptation, who lessen Divine restraints; as if to go against God's law were only to go without his leave. The messengers also are not faithful in returning Balaam's answer to Balak. Thus many are abused by the flatteries of those about them, and are prevented from seeing their own faults and follies.

Verses 15-21 A second embassy was sent to Balaam. It were well for us, if we were as earnest and constant in prosecuting a good work, notwithstanding disappointments. Balak laid a bait, not only for Balaam's covetousness, but for his pride and ambition. How earnestly should we beg of God daily to mortify such desires in us! Thus sinners stick at no pains, spare no cost, and care not how low they stoop, to gratify their luxury, or their malice. Shall we then be unwilling to do what is right? God forbid! Balaam's convictions charged him to keep to the command of God; nor could any man have spoken better. But many call God theirs, who are not his, not truly because not only his. There is no judging men by their words; God knows the heart. Balaam's corruptions at the same time inclined him to go contrary to the command. He seemed to refuse the temptation; but he expressed no abhorrence of it. He had a strong desire to accept the offer, and hoped that God might give him leave to go. He had already been told what the will of God was. It is a certain evidence of the ruling of corruption in the heart, to beg leave to sin. God gave Balaam up to his own heart's lusts. As God sometimes denies the prayers of his people in love, so sometimes he grants the desires of the wicked in wrath.

Verses 22-35 We must not think, that because God does not always by his providence restrain men from sin, therefore he approves of it, or that it is not hateful to him. The holy angels oppose sin, and perhaps are employed in preventing it more than we are aware. This angel was an adversary to Balaam, because Balaam counted him his adversary; those are really our best friends, and we ought so to reckon them, who stop our progress in sinful ways. Balaam has notice of God's displeasure by the ass. It is common for those whose hearts are fully set in them to do evil, to push on violently, through the difficulties Providence lays in their way. The Lord opened the mouth of the ass. This was a great miracle wrought by the power of God. He who made man speak, could, when he pleased, make the ass to speak with man's voice. The ass complained of Balaam's cruelty. The righteous God does not allow the meanest or weakest to be abused; but they shall be able to speak in their own defence, or he will some way or other speak for them. Balaam at length has his eyes opened. God has many ways to bring down the hard and unhumbled heart. When our eyes are opened, we shall see the danger of sinful ways, and how much it was for our advantage to be crossed. Balaam seemed to relent; I have sinned; but it does not appear that he was sensible of this wickedness of his heart, or willing to own it. If he finds he cannot go forward, he will be content, since there is no remedy, to go back. Thus many leave their sins, only because their sins have left them. The angel declared that he should not only be unable to curse Israel, but should be forced to bless them: this would be more for the glory of God, and to his own confusion, than if he had turned back.

Verses 36-41 Balak has now nothing to complain of, but that Balaam did not come sooner. Balaam bids Balak not depend too much upon him. He seems to speak with vexation; but is really as desirous to please Balak, as ever he had pretended to be to please God. See what need we have to pray every day, Our Father which art in heaven, lead us not into temptation. Let us be jealous over our own hearts, seeing how far men may go in the knowledge of God, and yet come short of Divine grace.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 22

The children of Israel being come into the plains of Moab, put the king of Moab into a panic, who expressed his fears to the elders of Midian, Nu 22:1-4 and sent for Balaam the soothsayer to curse the people of Israel, but he, upon consulting the Lord refused to come, Nu 22:5-14, on which the king of Moab sent to him a second time, making large promises of preferment to him, and who at this time got leave from the Lord to go with the messengers, Nu 22:15-21, but was met with in the way by an angel of the Lord, who would have slain him had it not been for his ass, of which a very wonderful revelation is given, Nu 22:22-35, and the chapter is closed with the interview between Balak king of Moab and Balaam, and an account of what passed between them, and what was done by them, Nu 22:36-41.