Ephesians 2

By Grace Through Faith

1 ¹And you were ²dead in the trespasses and sins

2 ³in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following ⁴the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in ⁵the sons of disobedience--

3 among whom we all once lived in ⁶the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body^[a] and the mind, and ⁷were by nature ⁸children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.

4 But^[b] God, being ⁹rich in mercy, ¹⁰because of the great love with which he loved us,

5 even ¹¹when we were dead in our trespasses, ¹²made us alive together with Christ--¹³by grace you have been saved--

6 and raised us up with him and ¹⁴seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,

7 so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable ¹⁵riches of his grace in ¹⁶kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.

8 For ¹⁷by grace you have been saved ¹⁸through faith. And this is ¹⁹not your own doing; ²⁰it is the gift of God,

9 ²¹not a result of works, ²²so that no one may boast.

10 For ²³we are his workmanship, ²⁴created in Christ Jesus ²⁵for good works, ²⁶which God prepared beforehand, ²⁷that we should walk in them.

One in Christ

11 Therefore remember that at one time you Gentiles in the flesh, called "the uncircumcision" by what is called ²⁸the circumcision, which is made in the flesh by hands--

12 remember ²⁹that you were at that time separated from Christ, ³⁰alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to ³¹the covenants of promise, ³²having no hope and without God in the world.

13 But now in Christ Jesus you who once were ³³far off have been brought near ³⁴by the blood of Christ.

14 For ³⁵he himself is our peace, ³⁶who has made us both one and has broken down ³⁷in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility

15 by abolishing the law of commandments expressed in ³⁸ordinances, that he might create in himself one ³⁹new man in place of the two, so making peace,

16 and might ⁴⁰reconcile us both to God in one body through the cross, thereby killing the hostility.

17 And he came and ⁴¹preached peace to you who were ⁴²far off and peace to those who were ⁴³near.

18 For ⁴⁴through him we both have ⁴⁵access in ⁴⁶one Spirit to the Father.

19 So then you are no longer ⁴⁷strangers and aliens,^[c] but you are ⁴⁸fellow citizens with the saints and ⁴⁹members of the household of God,

20 ⁵⁰built on the foundation of the ⁵¹apostles and prophets, ⁵²Christ Jesus himself being ⁵³the cornerstone,

21 ⁵⁴in whom the whole structure, being joined together, grows into ⁵⁵a holy temple in the Lord.

22 In him ⁵⁶you also are being built together ⁵⁷into a dwelling place for God by^[d] the Spirit.

Ephesians 2 Commentary

Chapter 2

The riches of God's grace towards men, shown from their deplorable state by nature, and the happy change Divine grace makes in them. (1-10) The Ephesians called to reflect on their state of heathenism. (11-13) And the privileges and blessings of the gospel. (14-22)

Verses 1-10 Sin is the death of the soul. A man dead in trespasses and sins has no desire for spiritual pleasures. When we look upon a corpse, it gives an awful feeling. A never-dying spirit is now fled, and has left nothing but the ruins of a man. But if we viewed things aright, we should be far more affected by the thought of a dead soul, a lost, fallen spirit. A state of sin is a state of conformity to this world. Wicked men are slaves to Satan. Satan is the author of that proud, carnal disposition which there is in ungodly men; he rules in the hearts of men. From Scripture it is clear, that whether men have been most prone to sensual or to spiritual wickedness, all men, being naturally children of disobedience, are also by nature children of wrath. What reason have sinners, then, to seek earnestly for that grace which will make them, of children of wrath, children of God and heirs of glory! God's eternal love or good-will toward his creatures, is the fountain whence all his mercies flow to us; and that love of God is great love, and that mercy is rich mercy. And every converted sinner is a saved sinner; delivered from sin and wrath. The grace that saves is the free, undeserved goodness and favour of God; and he saves, not by the works of the law, but through faith in Christ Jesus. Grace in the soul is a new life in the soul. A regenerated sinner becomes a living soul; he lives a life of holiness, being born of God: he lives, being delivered from the guilt of sin, by pardoning and justifying grace. Sinners roll themselves in the dust; sanctified souls sit in heavenly places, are raised above this world, by Christ's grace. The goodness of God in converting and saving sinners heretofore, encourages others in after-time, to hope in his grace and mercy. Our faith, our conversion, and our eternal salvation, are not of works, lest any man should boast. These things are not brought to pass by any thing done by us, therefore all boasting is shut out. All is the free gift of God, and the effect of being quickened by his power. It was his purpose, to which he prepared us, by blessing us with the knowledge of his will, and his Holy Spirit producing such a change in us, that we should glorify God by our good conversation, and perseverance in holiness. None can from Scripture abuse this doctrine, or accuse it of any tendency to evil. All who do so, are without excuse.

Verses 11-13 Christ and his covenant are the foundation of all the Christian's hopes. A sad and terrible description is here; but who is able to remove himself out of it? Would that this were not a true description of many baptized in the name of Christ. Who can, without trembling, reflect upon the misery of a person, separated for ever from the people of God, cut off from the body of Christ, fallen from the covenant of promise, having no hope, no Saviour, and without any God but a God of vengeance, to all eternity? To have no part in Christ! What true Christian can hear this without horror? Salvation is far from the wicked; but God is a help at hand to his people; and this is by the sufferings and death of Christ.

Verses 14-18 Jesus Christ made peace by the sacrifice of himself; in every sense Christ was their Peace, the author, centre, and substance of their being at peace with God, and of their union with the Jewish believers in one church. Through the person, sacrifice, and mediation of Christ, sinners are allowed to draw near to God as a Father, and are brought with acceptance into his presence, with their worship and services, under the teaching of the Holy Spirit, as one with the Father and the Son. Christ purchased leave for us to come to God; and the Spirit gives a heart to come, and strength to come, and then grace to serve God acceptably.

Verses 19-22 The church is compared to a city, and every converted sinner is free of it. It is also compared to a house, and every converted sinner is one of the family; a servant, and a child in God's house. The church is also compared to a building, founded on the doctrine of Christ; delivered by the prophets of the Old Testament, and the apostles of the New. God dwells in all believers now; they become the temple of God through the working of the blessed Spirit. Let us then ask if our hopes are fixed on Christ, according to the doctrine of his word? Have we devoted ourselves as holy temples to God through him? Are we habitations of God by the Spirit, are we spiritually-minded, and do we bring forth the fruits of the Spirit? Let us take heed not to grieve the holy Comforter. Let us desire his gracious presence, and his influences upon our hearts. Let us seek to discharge the duties allotted to us, to the glory of God.

Cross References

• 1. Colossians 2:13; [Colossians 1:21]
• 2. ver. 5; [Ephesians 4:18]; See Luke 15:24
• 3. Ephesians 4:17, 22; Ephesians 5:8; Colossians 3:7; See Romans 11:30; 1 Corinthians 6:11
• 4. [Ephesians 6:12; Revelation 9:11]; See John 12:31
• 5. Ephesians 5:6; [1 Peter 1:14]
• 6. Galatians 5:16
• 7. See Psalms 51:5; Romans 5:12
• 8. [2 Peter 2:14]
• 9. ver. 7; Titus 3:5; See Romans 2:4
• 10. See John 3:16
• 11. ver. 1; [Rom. 5:6, 8, 10]
• 12. Colossians 2:12, 13; [John 14:19; Revelation 20:4]
• 13. ver. 8; See Acts 15:11
• 14. See Ephesians 1:20
• 15. ver. 4
• 16. Titus 3:4
• 17. ver. 5
• 18. 1 Peter 1:5; [Romans 4:16]
• 19. [2 Corinthians 3:5]
• 20. [John 4:10; Hebrews 6:4]
• 21. 2 Timothy 1:9; Titus 3:5; See Romans 3:20, 28
• 22. 1 Corinthians 1:29; [Judges 7:2]
• 23. Deuteronomy 32:6, 15; Psalms 100:3
• 24. [Ephesians 3:9; Ephesians 4:24; Colossians 3:10]
• 25. Ephesians 4:24
• 26. [Ephesians 1:4]
• 27. Colossians 1:10
• 28. Romans 2:26, 28; [Colossians 2:11, 13]
• 29. 1 Corinthians 12:2; [Ephesians 5:8; Colossians 3:7]
• 30. Ephesians 4:18; Colossians 1:21; [Ezekiel 14:5; Galatians 2:15; Galatians 4:8]
• 31. See Romans 9:4
• 32. 1 Thessalonians 4:13; See Ephesians 1:18
• 33. ver. 17; Acts 2:39
• 34. [Colossians 1:20]; See Romans 3:25
• 35. Psalms 72:7; Micah 5:5; Zechariah 9:10; [Colossians 3:15]; See Luke 2:14
• 36. See Galatians 3:28
• 37. Colossians 1:21, 22; [Romans 7:4]
• 38. Colossians 2:14, 20
• 39. See Romans 6:4
• 40. Colossians 1:20-22; [1 Corinthians 12:13]
• 41. Isaiah 57:19
• 42. ver. 13
• 43. Deuteronomy 4:7; Psalms 148:14
• 44. [John 14:6]
• 45. Ephesians 3:12; [John 10:7, 9]; See Romans 5:2
• 46. Ephesians 4:4; 1 Corinthians 12:13; [John 4:23]
• 47. ver. 12; [Hebrews 11:13; Hebrews 13:14]
• 48. Philippians 3:20; [Hebrews 12:22, 23]
• 49. See Galatians 6:10
• 50. [Jeremiah 12:16]; See 1 Corinthians 3:9
• 51. Matthew 16:18; Revelation 21:14
• 52. [1 Corinthians 3:11]
• 53. Psalms 118:22; Isaiah 28:16
• 54. Ephesians 4:15, 16
• 55. See 1 Corinthians 3:16, 17
• 56. 1 Peter 2:5
• 57. [Ephesians 3:17; 2 Corinthians 6:16; 1 Timothy 3:15]

Footnotes

• [a]. Greek flesh
• [b]. Or And
• [c]. Or sojourners
• [d]. Or in

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO EPHESIANS 2

The design of the apostle in this chapter, is to magnify the riches of divine grace, in the effectual calling and salvation of sinners, by Christ Jesus; in order to which, he describes the sad estate they are in by nature, and before conversion, even God's elect among the Jews, and especially among the Gentiles; and then observes how peace is made for and between them both, by Christ the peacemaker; and the various privileges and blessings which both enjoy, in consequence of it: he begins with the Ephesians, and expresses the former state they were in by a death, which is ascribed to trespasses and sins, Eph 2:1, and represents their walk and conversation to have been according to the world, and after Satan; who is described by his dominion over other devils that dwell in the air, and by his influence upon disobedient men, Eph 2:2, and that it might not be thought that the case of these Gentile Ephesians was worse than others, the apostle observes of himself, and other saints among the Jews, that their conversation before conversion was among the men of the world, and so according to the course of it, as the Gentiles; and that it was a very carnal conversation they had spent, in fulfilling the desires and lusts of the flesh; and that they were as deserving of, and as liable to the wrath of God in themselves, as other persons, Eph 2:3, to which former state he opposes their present one; they were not now dead in sin, but were quickened; which is ascribed to God as the efficient cause, and to his rich mercy and great love as the moving cause; and to Christ as the meritorious and procuring cause, by whose grace they were saved, and in whom they were not only quickened, but raised, and made to sit together in heavenly places; and the final cause and end of all this was, to show forth the abundant grace and kindness of God, through Christ, Eph 2:4-7. The doctrine of salvation by grace, the apostle takes up again from Eph 2:5, and to the moving cause of salvation, the grace of God, he adds the means, or instrument by which it is received and enjoyed, which is faith; and that is denied to be owing to the power of men, but is said to be a gift of God Eph 2:8, and the end in view, in putting salvation upon the foot of grace and not works, is to prevent boasting in the creature, Eph 2:9, and that works cannot be the causes of salvation, either efficient, moving, or procuring, is evident; since though they are to be performed as being agreeable to the purposing, as well as commanding will of God, yet they are effects, both of the work of grace upon the soul in time, called a creation, and of the decrees of God from eternity, Eph 2:10, when the apostle goes on to put the Ephesians in mind of their former state in unregeneracy, with the same view as before, to magnify the grace of God, but in a different manner; not as common to them with the Jews, but as peculiar to them as Gentiles; as that they were had in contempt by the Jews, and were in a state of alienation, not only from them, but from God and Christ, and the enjoyment of various privileges, Eph 2:11,12, wherefore the grace of God was the more conspicuous in their present state of nearness both to God and his people, brought about by the blood of Christ, Eph 2:13, who, as the peacemaker, not only made peace by the blood of his cross between God and them, but between them and the true Israel of God among the Jews; which was done, partly by abolishing the ceremonial law, which occasioned enmity, and kept up a division among them, Eph 2:14-16, and partly by sending, and preaching the Gospel of peace to them both, Eph 2:17, and by opening a way of access for them both unto the Father through himself, under the direction and influence of the Spirit, Eph 2:18, from all which it appeared, that they were not in a state of distance and alienation as before, but all belonged to the same city and family, and were built on the same foundation, and were united together in the same corner stone, Jesus Christ, Eph 2:19,20, and as the apostle compares Christ to a foundation, and a corner stone, so the church of Christ, consisting of Jews and Gentiles, to a temple; which being fitly put together, becomes, an Holy One in the lord, and a suitable habitation for God through the Spirit, Eph 2:21,22.