Psalms 78:39-72

39 He remembered that they were only mortal beings, like a wind that blows by and is gone.
40 How often they rebelled against him in the desert; how many times they made him sad!
41 Again and again they put God to the test and brought pain to the Holy God of Israel.
42 They forgot his great power and the day when he saved them from their enemies
43 and performed his mighty acts and miracles in the plain of Zoan in the land of Egypt.
44 He turned the rivers into blood, 1 and the Egyptians had no water to drink.
45 He sent flies among them, that tormented them, 2 and frogs that ruined their land.
46 He sent locusts to eat their crops 3 and to destroy their fields.
47 He killed their grapevines with hail 4 and their fig trees with frost.
48 He killed their cattle with hail and their flocks with lightning.
49 He caused them great distress by pouring out his anger and fierce rage, which came as messengers of death.
50 He did not restrain his anger or spare their lives, but killed them with a plague.
51 He killed the first-born sons 5 of all the families of Egypt.
52 Then he led his people out like a shepherd 6 and guided them through the desert.
53 He led them safely, and they were not afraid; 7 but the sea came rolling over their enemies.
54 He brought them to his holy land, 8 to the mountains which he himself conquered.
55 He drove out the inhabitants as his people advanced; 9 he divided their land among the tribes of Israel and gave their homes to his people.
56 But they rebelled against Almighty God 10 and put him to the test. They did not obey his commandments,
57 but were rebellious and disloyal like their ancestors, unreliable as a crooked arrow.
58 They angered him with their heathen places of worship, and with their idols they made him furious.
59 God was angry when he saw it, so he rejected his people completely.
60 He abandoned his tent in Shiloh, 11 the home where he had lived among us.
61 He allowed our enemies to capture the Covenant Box, 12 the symbol of his power and glory.
62 He was angry with his own people and let them be killed by their enemies.
63 Young men were killed in war, and young women had no one to marry.
64 Priests died by violence, and their widows were not allowed to mourn.
65 At last the Lord woke up as though from sleep; he was like a strong man excited by wine.
66 He drove his enemies back in lasting and shameful defeat.
67 But he rejected the descendants of Joseph; he did not select the tribe of Ephraim.
68 Instead he chose the tribe of Judah and Mount Zion, which he dearly loves.
69 There he built his Temple like his home in heaven; he made it firm like the earth itself, secure for all time.
70 He chose his servant David; 13 he took him from the pastures,
71 where he looked after his flocks, and he made him king of Israel, the shepherd of the people of God.
72 David took care of them with unselfish devotion and led them with skill.

Psalms 78:39-72 Meaning and Commentary

Maschil of Asaph. Or for "Asaph" {f}; a doctrinal and "instructive" psalm, as the word "Maschil" signifies; see Psalm 32:1, which was delivered to Asaph to be sung; the Targum is, "the understanding of the Holy Spirit by the hands of Asaph." Some think David was the penman of it; but from the latter part of it, in which mention is made of him, and of his government of the people of Israel, it looks as if it was wrote by another, and after his death, though not long after, since the account is carried on no further than his times; and therefore it is probable enough it was written by Asaph, the chief singer, that lived in that age: whoever was the penman of it, it is certain he was a prophet, and so was Asaph, who is called a seer, the same with a prophet, and who is said to prophesy, 2 Chronicles 29:30 and also that he represented Christ; for that the Messiah is the person that is introduced speaking in this psalm is clear from Matthew 13:34 and the whole may be considered as a discourse of his to the Jews of his time; giving them an history of the Israelites from their first coming out of Egypt to the times of David, and in it an account of the various benefits bestowed upon them, of their great ingratitude, and of the divine resentment; the design of which is to admonish and caution them against committing the like sins, lest they should be rejected of God, as their fathers were, and perish: some Jewish writers, as Arama observes, interpret this psalm of the children of Ephraim going out of Egypt before the time appointed.

Cross References 13

  • 1. 78.44Exodus 7.17-21.
  • 2. 78.45 aExodus 8.20-24; bExodus 8.1-6.
  • 3. 78.46Exodus 10.12-15.
  • 4. 78.47, 48Exodus 9.22-25.
  • 5. 78.51Exodus 12.29.
  • 6. 78.52Exodus 13.17-22.
  • 7. 78.53Exodus 14.26-28.
  • 8. 78.54Exodus 15.17;Joshua 3.14-17.
  • 9. 78.55Joshua 11.16-23.
  • 10. 78.56Judges 2.11-15.
  • 11. 78.60Joshua 18.1;Jeremiah 7.12-14; 26.6.
  • 12. 78.61 1 Samuel 4.4-22.
  • 13. 78.70, 71 1 S 16.11, 12; 2 S 7.8;1 Chronicles 17.7.

Footnotes 2

  • [a]. hail . . . lightning; [or] terrible disease . . . deadly plague.
  • [b]. shiloh: [The central place of worship for the people of Israel before the time of King David.]
Scripture taken from the Good News Translation - Second Edition, Copyright 1992 by American Bible Society. Used by Permission.