1 Chronicles 11

David Made King over All Israel

1 ¹Then all Israel gathered to David at Hebron and said, "Behold, we are your bone and your flesh.

2 "In times * past, even when Saul was king, you were the one who led out and brought in Israel; and the LORD your God said to you, '²You shall shepherd My people Israel, and you shall be prince over My people Israel.' "

3 So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and David made a covenant with them in Hebron before the LORD; and ³they anointed David king over Israel, ⁴according to the word of the LORD through Samuel.

Jerusalem, Capital City

4 Then David and all Israel went to Jerusalem (⁵that is, Jebus ); and the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land, were there.

5 The inhabitants of Jebus said to David, "You shall not enter here." Nevertheless David captured the stronghold of Zion (that is, the city of David ).

6 Now David had said, "Whoever strikes down a Jebusite first shall be chief and commander." ⁶Joab the son of Zeruiah went up first, so he became chief.

7 Then David dwelt in the stronghold; therefore * it was called the city of David.

8 He built the city all around, from the Millo even to the surrounding area; and Joab repaired the rest of the city.

9 ⁷David became greater and greater, for the LORD of hosts was with him.

David's Mighty Men

10 ⁸Now these are the heads of the mighty men whom David had, who gave him strong support in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king, ⁹according to the word of the LORD concerning Israel.

11 These constitute the list of the mighty men whom David had: ¹⁰Jashobeam, the son of a Hachmonite, ¹¹the chief of the thirty; he lifted up his spear against three hundred whom he killed at one time.

12 After him was Eleazar the son of ¹²Dodo, the Ahohite, who was one of the three mighty men.

13 He was with David at Pasdammim ¹³when the Philistines were gathered together there to battle, and there was a plot of ground full of barley; and the people fled before * the Philistines.

14 They took their stand in the midst of the plot and defended it, and struck down the Philistines; and the LORD saved them by a great victory.

15 Now three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam, while ¹⁴the army of the Philistines was camping in the valley of Rephaim.

16 David was then in the stronghold, while ¹⁵the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem.

17 David had a craving and said, "Oh that someone would give me water to drink from the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate!"

18 So the three broke through the camp of the Philistines and drew water from the well of Bethlehem which was by the gate, and took it and brought it to David; nevertheless David would not drink it, but poured it out to the LORD;

19 and he said, "Be it far from me before my God that I should do this. Shall I drink the blood of these men who went at the risk of their lives? For at the risk of their lives they brought it." Therefore he would not drink it. These things the three mighty men did.

20 As for Abshai the brother of Joab, he was chief of the thirty, and he swung his spear against three hundred and killed them; and he had a name as well as the thirty.

21 Of the three in the second rank he was the most honored and became their commander; however, he did not attain to the first three.

22 ¹⁶Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, mighty in deeds, struck down the two sons of Ariel of Moab. He also went down and killed a lion inside a pit on a snowy day.

23 He killed an Egyptian, a man of great stature five cubits tall. Now in the Egyptian's hand was ¹⁷a spear like a weaver's beam, but he went down to him with a club and snatched the spear from the Egyptian's hand and killed him with his own spear.

24 These things Benaiah the son of Jehoiada did, and had a name as well as the three mighty men.

25 Behold, he was honored among the thirty, but he did not attain to the three; and David appointed him over his guard.

26 Now the mighty men of the armies were Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,

27 Shammoth the Harorite, Helez the Pelonite,

28 Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anathothite,

29 Sibbecai the Hushathite, Ilai the Ahohite,

30 Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite,

31 Ithai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the sons of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite,

32 Hurai of the brooks of Gaash, Abiel the Arbathite,

33 Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,

34 the sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shagee the Hararite,

35 Ahiam the son of Sacar the Hararite, Eliphal the son of Ur,

36 Hepher the Mecherathite, Ahijah the Pelonite,

37 Hezro the Carmelite, Naarai the son of Ezbai,

38 Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar the son of Hagri,

39 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armor bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,

40 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,

41 Uriah the Hittite, Zabad the son of Ahlai,

42 Adina the son of Shiza the Reubenite, a chief of the Reubenites, and thirty with him,

43 Hanan the son of Maacah and Joshaphat the Mithnite,

44 Uzzia the Ashterathite, Shama and Jeiel the sons of Hotham the Aroerite,

45 Jediael the son of Shimri and Joha his brother, the Tizite,

46 Eliel the Mahavite and Jeribai and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam, and Ithmah the Moabite,

47 Eliel and Obed and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.

1 Chronicles 11 Commentary

Chapter 11

David raised to the throne. (1-9) A list of David's mighty men. (10-47)

Verses 1-9 David was brought to possess the throne of Israel after he had reigned seven years in Hebron, over Judah only. God's counsels will be fulfilled at last, whatever difficulties lie in the way. The way to be truly great, is to be really useful, to devote all our talents to the Lord.

Verses 10-47 An account is given of David's worthies, the great men who served him. Yet David reckoned his success, not as from the mighty men that were with him, but from the mighty God, whose presence is all in all. In strengthening him, they strengthened themselves and their own interest, for his advancement was theirs. We shall gain by what we do in our places for the support of the kingdom of the Son of David; and those that are faithful to Him, shall find their names registered much more to their honour, than these are in the records of fame.

Cross References

• 1. 2 Sam 5:1, 3, 6-10
• 2. 2 Samuel 5:2; 2 Samuel 7:7
• 3. 2 Samuel 2:4; 2 Samuel 5:3, 5
• 4. 1 Sam 16:1, 3, 12, 13
• 5. Joshua 15:8, 63; Judges 1:21
• 6. 2 Samuel 8:16
• 7. 2 Samuel 3:1
• 8. 2 Samuel 23:8-39
• 9. 1 Chronicles 11:3
• 10. 2 Samuel 23:8
• 11. 1 Chronicles 12:18
• 12. 1 Chronicles 27:4
• 13. 2 Samuel 23:11, 12
• 14. 1 Chronicles 14:9
• 15. 1 Samuel 10:5
• 16. 2 Samuel 8:18
• 17. 1 Samuel 17:7

Footnotes

• [a]. Lit "saying"
• [b]. Or "fortified"
• [c]. I.e. citadel
• [d]. Lit "revived"
• [e]. Lit "slain ones"
• [f]. Lit "among"
• [g]. In 1 Sam 17:1, "Ephesdammim"
• [h]. Or "salvation"
• [i]. Lit "with their souls"
• [j]. In 2 Sam 23:18, "Abishai"
• [k]. So Syriac; M.T. "three"
• [l]. Lit "slain ones"
• [m]. So Syriac; M.T. "three"
• [n]. Or "two lion-like heroes" of
• [o]. Lit "smote"
• [p]. Lit "smote"
• [q]. I.e. One cubit equals approx 18 in.
• [r]. Lit "smote"
• [s]. In 2 Sam 23:25, "Shammah the Harodite"
• [t]. In 2 Sam 23:26, "Paltite"
• [u]. In 2 Sam 23:27, "Mebunnai"
• [v]. In 2 Sam 23:28, "Zalmon"
• [w]. In 2 Sam 23:29, "Heleb"
• [x]. In 2 Sam 23:30, "Hiddai"
• [y]. In 2 Sam 23:31, "Abi-albon"
• [z]. In 2 Sam 23:32, "Jashen"
• [aa]. In 2 Sam 23:33, "Sharar"
• [ab]. In 2 Sam 23:34, "Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai"
• [ac]. In 2 Sam 23:35, "Paarai the Arbite"

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO 1 CHRONICLES 11

This chapter treats of David's being anointed king by all Israel, 1Ch 11:1-3, which agrees with 2Sa 5:1-3 \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:1"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:2"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:3"\\ and of his taking Jerusalem from the Jebusites, 1Ch 11:4-9 the account of which we have 2Sa 5:6-10. \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:6"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:7"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:8"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:9"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 5:10"\\ only here we are told, that it was Joab that smote the Jebusites first, and so was made chief captain according to David's promise; and that he also repaired the rest of the city David built round about; perhaps the fortifications demolished in taking it, 1Ch 11:6,8 or rather, as others give the sense, he "saved alive" {b} those that remained in the city, after he had slain the lame and the blind; though a learned {c} writer conjectures it should be read, "and Joab hyhy was made rv the governor of the city"; and the Targum is,

``Joab governed the rest of the city.''

And then follows an account of David's mighty men and worthies, 1Ch 11:10-41 of whom see the notes on \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:8"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:9"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:10"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:11"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:12"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:13"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:14"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:15"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:16"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:17"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:18"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:19"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:20"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:21"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:22"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:23"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:24"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:25"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:26"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:27"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:28"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:29"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:30"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:31"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:32"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:33"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:34"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:35"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:36"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:37"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:38"\\ \\See Gill on "2Sa 23:39"\\ and others are added here, 1Ch 11:42-47 of whom we know no more than their names.

{b} rav ta hyxy "vivas conservavit urbis reliquias", Junius & Tremellius; Strigelius in Poli Synops. in loc. {c} Dr. Kennicot's State of the Hebrew Text, dissert. 1. p. 54. 18633-941231-2014-1Ch11.2