Numbers 3:4

4 But Nadab and Abihu died in the presence of the Lord when they offered the wrong kind of fire before the Lord in the Desert of Sinai. They had no sons. So Eleazar and Ithamar served as priests during the lifetime of their father Aaron.

Numbers 3:4 Meaning and Commentary

Numbers 3:4

And Nadab and Abihu died before the Lord
, By flaming fire, as the Targum of Jonathan adds, see ( Leviticus 10:2 ) ; and so were not alive at this time when the account of the priests and Levites was taken:

when they offered strange fire before the Lord in the wilderness of
Sinai;
after the tabernacle was set up, and the service of it begun, and quickly after their unction and consecration: of this strange fire, (See Gill on Numbers 10:1);

and they had no children;
which is observed, partly to show the punishment of them, and the reproach upon their names, that they died childless, and had none to succeed them in the priesthood; for as the Jewish writers F14 observe if they had left any behind them, those would have come into the office before Eleazar and Ithamar; and partly to show that all the priests in succeeding ages sprung from those next mentioned:

and Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest's office, in the
sight of Aaron their father;
in his presence, under his inspection, and by his direction, he seeing and observing that they did everything according to the laws delivered by Moses, relating to, the office of the priesthood; or while he was yet alive, as Aben Ezra, they were concerned with him, and acted under him in the priestly office; and so the Septuagint version renders it, "with Aaron their father" F15; but a Jewish writer F16 interprets it in a different manner, "in the room of Aaron their father"; as if it respected not any conjunction with him in the then present exercise of their office in his lifetime, but their succession in it after his death; but the former seems most correct.


FOOTNOTES:

F14 Torat Cohanim apud Ceseph Misnah in Maimon. Melachim, c. 1. sect. 7. Chaskuniin in loc.
F15 Which is approved by Noldius, p. 731.
F16 Chaskuni.

Numbers 3:4 In-Context

2 Aaron had four sons: Nadab, the oldest, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
3 These were the names of Aaron's sons, who were appointed to serve as priests.
4 But Nadab and Abihu died in the presence of the Lord when they offered the wrong kind of fire before the Lord in the Desert of Sinai. They had no sons. So Eleazar and Ithamar served as priests during the lifetime of their father Aaron.
5 The Lord said to Moses,
6 "Bring the tribe of Levi and present them to Aaron the priest to help him.
Scripture taken from the New Century Version. Copyright © 1987, 1988, 1991 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved.