Genesis 10:31

31 Those are the sons of Shem. They are listed by their tribes and languages in their territories and nations.

Genesis 10:31 Meaning and Commentary

Genesis 10:31

These are the sons of Shem
His sons, and grandsons, and great grandsons, in all twenty six, no doubt but there were many more, but these are only mentioned; for none of the sons of Elam, Ashur, and Lud, are named, and but one of Arphaxad's, and one of Salah's, and two of Eber's, and none of Peleg's; when it is not to be questioned but they had many, as is certain of Arphaxad, Salah, Eber, and Peleg, ( Genesis 11:13-15 Genesis 11:17 Genesis 11:19 )

after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after
their nations:
from hence sprung various families at first, and these of different languages upon the confusion of Babel, which thenceforward formed different nations, dwelt in different lands; which have been pointed at as near as we can at this distance, and with the little helps and advantages we have: it seems from hence that Shem's posterity were of different languages as well as those of Ham and Japheth.

Genesis 10:31 In-Context

29 Ophir, Havilah and Jobab. All of them were sons of Joktan.

30 The area where they lived stretched from Mesha toward Sephar. It was in the eastern hill country.

31 Those are the sons of Shem. They are listed by their tribes and languages in their territories and nations.

32 Those are the tribes of Noah's sons. They are listed by their family lines within their nations. From them the nations spread out over the earth after the flood.