1 Corinthians 10:8

8 We must not indulge in immorality as some of them did, and twenty-three thousand fell in a single day.

1 Corinthians 10:8 Meaning and Commentary

1 Corinthians 10:8

Neither let us commit fornication
To which the Corinthians were much addicted: hence the apostle elsewhere, in this epistle, makes use of arguments, to dissuade from it, as he does here, they judging it to be no evil:

as some of them committed;
i.e. fornication; as they did at Shittim, with the daughters of Moab, ( Numbers 25:1 ) which was a stratagem of Balaam's, and the advice he gave to Balak king of Moab, to draw them into that sin, which made way for their commission of idolatry, which they committed by eating the sacrifices of their gods, and bowing down unto them; particularly they joined themselves to Baal Peor, the same with Priapus, one part of whose religious rites lay in acts of uncleanness, and this brought the divine displeasure on them:

and fell in one day three and twenty thousand;
in ( Numbers 25:9 ) the number said to be "twenty and four thousand": and so say all the three Targums on the place ^F23, and both the Talmuds ^F24 and others {y}; on the other hand, all the Greek copies of this epistle, and the Oriental versions, agree in the number of twenty and three thousand; so that it does not appear to be any mistake of copies, in either Testament. To reconcile this matter, or at least to abate the difficulties of it, let the following things be observed; as that the apostle does not write as an historian, and so not with that exactness as Moses did; besides, he does not say that there fell "only" three and twenty thousand, and this beings lesser number than is contained in his, and so a certain truth; moreover, Moses and the apostle use different words in their account; Moses says there died so many, including the heads of the people that were hanged up against the sun, and all that perished by the sword; the apostle says, that there fell such a number, referring only to the latter, who only could be properly said to fall, and not those that were hanged up: now the heads of the people that suffered the first kind of death, might, as is very probable, be a thousand; and they that died in the other way, three and twenty thousand, which make the sums to agree, and both are expressed by Moses, under the general name of a plague or stroke; to all this, that the apostle uses a limiting clause, which Moses does not, and says that these three and twenty thousand fell in one day. So that it is very likely that the heads of the people, supposed to be a thousand, were hanged up in one day; and the three and twenty thousand that fell by the sword died the next, which the apostle only takes notice of. Hence the Jew ^F26 has no reason to charge the apostle with an error.

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FOOTNOTES:

F23 Targum Onkelos, Jon. ben Uzziel & Jerusalem in Numb, xxv. 9.
F24 T. Hieros Sota, fol. 21. 4. T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 106. 1.
F25 Midrash Kohelet, fol. 68. 4. Tzeror Hammor, fol. 127. 3.
F26 R. Isaac Chizzuk Emuna, par. 2. c. 36. p. 468.

1 Corinthians 10:8 In-Context

6 Now these things are warnings for us, not to desire evil as they did.

7 Do not be idolaters as some of them were; as it is written, "The people sat down to eat and drink and rose up to dance."

8 We must not indulge in immorality as some of them did, and twenty-three thousand fell in a single day.

9 We must not put the Lord to the test, as some of them did and were destroyed by serpents;

10 nor grumble, as some of them did and were destroyed by the Destroyer.