2 Samuel 23:13

13 necnon ante descenderant tres qui erant principes inter triginta et venerant tempore messis ad David in speluncam Odollam castra autem Philisthim erant posita in valle Gigantum

2 Samuel 23:13 Meaning and Commentary

2 Samuel 23:13

And three of the thirty chiefs went down
Or three that were chief of the thirty, superior to them; which some understand of the three before mentioned, so Josephus ^F23; and that having related some particular exploits of theirs, here observes one, in which they were all concerned; and others think the three next are meant, of whom Abishai was the chief, Benaiah the next, and the third Asahel; but the first sense is best:

and came to David in the harvest time, unto the cave of Adullam;
not when he was there, upon his flight from Saul, ( 1 Samuel 22:1 ) ; but after he was king, when engaged in war with the Philistines; perhaps wheat harvest is here meant:

and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim;
the army of the Philistines, as the Targum; of the valley of Rephaim, (See Gill on Joshua 15:8).

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FOOTNOTES:

F23 Antiqu. l. 7. c. 12. sect. 4.

2 Samuel 23:13 In-Context

11 et post hunc Semma filius Age de Arari et congregati sunt Philisthim in statione erat quippe ibi ager plenus lente cumque fugisset populus a facie Philisthim

12 stetit ille in medio agri et tuitus est eum percussitque Philistheos et fecit Dominus salutem magnam

13 necnon ante descenderant tres qui erant principes inter triginta et venerant tempore messis ad David in speluncam Odollam castra autem Philisthim erant posita in valle Gigantum

14 et David erat in praesidio porro statio Philisthinorum tunc erat in Bethlee

15 desideravit igitur David et ait si quis mihi daret potum aquae de cisterna quae est in Bethleem iuxta portam